Lecture 4 - Transposed and Symmetric Matrices, Determinants

Updated 4 Oct 2026

Transpose of a Matrix

02 Operations with Matrices

Diagonal, Triangular and Symmetric Matrices

  • ประเภทต่าง ๆ ของ Matrix ที่มีความพิเศษนิดนึง ดูหน้าตาที่ 01 Basic Matrix
    • Diagonal Matrix
    • Upper Triangular Matrix
    • Lower Triangular Matrix

Properties

  1. (LT)T=UT(LT)^T=UT
  2. (UT)T=LT(UT)^T=LT
  3. (LT)(LT)=LT(LT)(LT)=LT
  4. (UT)(UT)=UT(UT)(UT)=UT
  5. A LT/UTLT/UT matrix is invertible if and only the diagonal element ≠0\ne0

Determinants

![[03 Determinants#ค่า det det ใน Matrix มิติต่าง ๆ]]

  • Determinants only exist for square matrices
  • ค่า det⁡\det ของ Matrix 2 x 2 มีชื่อเรียกด้วยว่า Sarrus Formula
  • หรือถ้ามิติเยอะ ๆ ก็ใช้ 04 Minor, Co-factor หาเอา

Properties of Determinants

  1. If AA has a row or a column consisting entirely of zeros then det⁡(A)=0\det(A)=0. 03 Determinants
  2. If AA is a square matrix with two proportional rows or columns then det⁡(A)=0\det(A)=0
    03 Determinants
  3. If BB is a matrix which results when a single row (column) of AA is multiplied by kk then det⁡(B)=kdet⁡(A)\det(B)=k\det(A)
    03 Determinants
  4. If BB is a matrix which results when exchanging two rows (or columns) of AA then det⁡(B)=−det⁡(A)\det(B)=-\det(A) REVERSE THE SIGN
    03 Determinants
  5. If BB is a matrix which results when a multiple of one row (column) is added to another row (column) then det⁡(A)=det⁡(B)\det(A)=\det(B)
    03 Determinants
  6. If AA is Upper Triangular (UT), Low Triangular (LT) or diagonalthen det⁡(A)=∏i=1nai,i\det(A)=\prod_{i=1}^{n}a_{i,i}
    03 Determinants
  7. A matrix and its transpose have the same determinant.
    03 Determinants